Mitochondria Function Structure
Mitochondria all information and function Location:-
The mitochondria (Greek: mitos - thread; chondros-granule) are the centres for the cellular respiration and energy metabolism. They are regarded as the power houses of the cell with variable size and shape.
:-The outer membrane is smooth and completely envelops the organelle.
:- The inner membrane is folded to form cristae (Latin-crests) which occupy a larger surface a
rea. The internal chamber of mitochondria is referred to as matrix or mitosol.
The components of electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation (flavoprotein, cytochromes b, c, c, a and a3 and coupling factors) are buried in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The matrix contains several enzymes concerned with the energy metabolism ofcarbohydrates, lipids and amino acids (e.g., citric acid cycle, B-oxidation). The matrix enzymes also participate in the synthesis of heme and urea. Mitochondria are the principal producers of ATP in the aerobic cells. ATP, the energy currency, generated in mitochondria is exported to all parts of the cell to provide energy for the cellular work.
The mitochondrial matrix contains a circular double stranded DNA (mtDNA), RNA and ribosomes. Thus, the mitochondria are equipped with an independent protein synthesizing machinery. It is estimated that about 10% of the mitochondrial proteins are produced in the mitochondria.
:- Mitochondria are rod-like or filamentous bodies, usually with dimensions of 1.0 x 3 um. About 2,000 mitochondria, occupying about 1/5th of the total cell volume, are present in a typical cell.
The structure and functions of mitochondria closely resemble prokaryotic cells.
It is hypothesized that mitochondria have evolved from aerobic bacteria. Further, it is believed that during evolution, the aerobic bacteria developed a symbiotic relationship with primordial anaerobic eukaryotic cells that ultimately led to the arrival of aerobic eukaryotes.
Location of Mitochondria:-
Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. Each cell contains hundreds to thousands of mitochondria, which are located in the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm).
Mitochondria are found in all body cells, with the exception of a few. There are usually multiple mitochondria found in one cell, depending upon the function of that type of cell. Mitochondria are located in the cytoplasm of cells along with other organelles of the cell.
Working:-
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).